Burnie Tales – Rooster Teeth Animated Adventures - Panic attack

Burnie Tales â€" Rooster Teeth Animated Adventures




- Burnie: I have something that I'm really embarrassed to admit...about television.
- Burnie: And it is for too long, I thought when you turned off TV it stopped
(Gus and Geoff laugh)
- Geoff: You're a fucking idiot!
(Gus and Geoff continue laughing)
- Burnie: And for YEARS I was so mad at my brother because I was like:
- Kid Burnie: When did you turn on the TV?
- Burnie: He goes: andquot;What're you talking about?andquot;
- Burnie: I said: andquot;It was...y'know whatever was on TV y'know Super Friends
- Burnie: andquot;And I shut it off I know because Superman was talking to Wonder Woman.
- Burnie: andquot;And mom had me go do something I shut it off, so you must've turned the TV back onandquot;
- Burnie: He goes: andquot;You're a fucking fool!andquot;
(Gus Laughs)
[TRANSITION]
- Burnie: Hey! It just feels like it's illegal to...throw out a-
- Burnie: -box of porn this big
[TRANSITION]
- Burnie: There was one time when, I didn't realize I was having Panic Attacks.
- Burnie: So I went to the hospital and they gave me a Potasium pill. And I said:
- Burnie: Potassium huh? Can I eat just a bunch of bananas?
- Burnie: She goes: andquot;No. It's a little bit more than just eating a banana. Try to be careful with potassium.
- Burnie: I said: andquot;Why is that?andquot;
And she says:
- Burnie: andquot;Because, if you take too much, it can stop your heart!andquot;
(Jack laughs)
- Burnie: As if that's not bad enough,
- Burnie: I had just swallowed the thing and I go:
- Burnie: Well, how do you know how much is too much?
- Burnie: She goes: andquot;Oh no! It's regulated dosage.andquot;
- Burnie: She goes: andquot;BUT, that's the kinda thing like potassium, the thing you just took...
- (looks around)
- Burnie: andquot;Whenever you hear about a nurse killing a patient,andquot;
- Burnie: andquot;THAT'S WHAT THEY GIVE THEM!andquot;
- Burnie: And she fucking walks out!
(Gus and Jack laugh)
- Burnie: You know like as soon as she turned around, she's got that fucking hugest grin.
- Burnie: That's probably the best part of her job.
- (Gus laughs)
[TRANSITION]
-= Subtitles by Ikiri Cross =-

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=atONpWAAtHU


Panic attack




Panic attack
Panic attacks are periods of intense fear
or apprehension that are of sudden onset and
of variable duration from minutes to hours.
Panic attacks usually begin abruptly, may
reach a peak within 10 to 20 minutes, but
may continue for hours in some cases. Panic
attacks usually subside on their own over
the next several hours. Often, those afflicted
will experience significant anticipatory anxiety
and limited symptom attacks in between attacks,
in situations where attacks have previously
occurred. The effects of a panic attack vary.
Some, notably first-time sufferers, may call
for emergency services. Many who experience
a panic attack, mostly for the first time,
fear they are having a heart attack or a nervous
breakdown. Common psychological themes associated
with panic attacks include the fears of impending
death or loss of sanity; depersonalisation
is relatively common.
Panic attacks are of acute onset, although
acute debilitation (generally severe) may
be followed by a period of residually impaired
psychological functioning. Experiencing a
panic attack has been said to be one of the
most intensely frightening, upsetting, and
uncomfortable experiences of a person's life
and may take days to initially recover from.
Repeated panic attacks are considered a symptom
of panic disorder. Screening tools such as
the Panic Disorder Severity Scale can be used
to detect possible cases of disorder, and
suggest the need for a formal diagnostic assessment.
Description
Sufferers of panic attacks often report a
fear of dying or heart attack, flashing vision,
faintness or nausea, numbness throughout the
body, heavy breathing and hyperventilation,
or loss of bodily control. Some people also
suffer from tunnel vision, mostly due to blood
flow leaving the head to more critical parts
of the body in defense. These feelings may
provoke a strong urge to escape or flee the
place where the attack began (a consequence
of the sympathetic andquot;fight-or-flight responseandquot;)
in which the hormone causing this response
is released in significant amounts. This response
floods the body with hormones, particularly
epinephrine (adrenaline), that aid it in defending
against harm.
A panic attack is a response of the sympathetic
nervous system (SNS). The most common symptoms
may include trembling, dyspnea (shortness
of breath), heart palpitations, chest pain
(or chest tightness), hot flashes, cold flashes,
burning sensations (particularly in the facial
or neck area), sweating, nausea, dizziness
(or slight vertigo), light-headedness, hyperventilation,
paresthesias (tingling sensations), sensations
of choking or smothering, difficulty moving
and derealization. These physical symptoms
are interpreted with alarm in people prone
to panic attacks. This results in increased
anxiety, and forms a positive feedback loop.
Often, the onset of shortness of breath and
chest pain are the predominant symptoms; the
sufferer incorrectly appraises this as a sign
or symptom of a heart attack. This can result
in the person experiencing a panic attack
seeking treatment in an emergency room. However,
since chest pain and shortness of breath are
indeed hallmark symptoms of cardiovascular
illnesses, including unstable angina and myocardial
infarction (heart attack), especially in a
person whose mental health status and heart
health status are not known, attributing these
pains to simple anxiety and not (also) a physical
condition is a diagnosis of exclusion (other
conditions must be ruled out first) until
an electrocardiogram and a mental health assessment
have been carried out.
Panic attacks are distinguished from other
forms of anxiety by their intensity and their
sudden, episodic nature. They are often experienced
in conjunction with anxiety disorders and
other psychological conditions, although panic
attacks are not necessarily indicative of
a mental disorder.
Signs and symptoms
Diagnostic criteria
DSM-5 Diagnostic Criteria for Panic Attack:
A discrete period of intense fear or discomfort,
in which four (or more) of the following symptoms
developed abruptly and reached a peak within
minutes:
In DSM-5, culture-specific symptoms (e.g.,
tinnitus, neck soreness, headache, and uncontrollable
screaming or crying) may be seen. Such symptoms
should not count as one of the four required
symptoms.
Part or all of these symptoms can be found
in the presence of a Pheochromocytoma.
Causes
Long-term, predisposing causes â€" heredity.
Panic disorder has been found to run in families,
and this may mean that inheritance plays a
strong role in determining who will get it.
However, many people who have no family history
of the disorder develop it. The onset of panic
disorder usually occurs in early adulthood,
although it may appear at any age. It occurs
more frequently in women and often in people
with above average intelligence. Various twin
studies where one identical twin has an anxiety
disorder have reported an incidence ranging
from 31 to 88 percent of the other twin also
having an anxiety disorder diagnosis. Environmental
factors such as an overly cautious view of
the world expressed by parents and cumulative
stress over time have been found to be correlated
with panic attacks.
Biological causes â€" obsessive compulsive
disorder, post traumatic stress disorder,
hypoglycemia, hyperthyroidism, Wilson's disease,
mitral valve prolapse, pheochromocytoma, and
inner ear disturbances (labyrinthitis). Parasitic
infection can cause psychiatric symptoms.
Phobias â€" People will often experience panic
attacks as a direct result of exposure to
a phobic object or situation.
Short-term triggering causes â€" Significant
personal loss, including an emotional attachment
to a romantic partner, life transitions, significant
life change and, as seen below, stimulants
such as caffeine or nicotine, can act as triggers.
Maintaining causes â€" Avoidance of panic-provoking
situations or environments, anxious/negative
self-talk (andquot;what-ifandquot; thinking), mistaken beliefs
(andquot;these symptoms are harmful and/or dangerousandquot;),
withheld feelings, lack of assertiveness.
Lack of assertiveness â€" A growing body of
evidence supports the idea that those who
suffer from panic attacks engage in a passive
style of communication or interactions with
others. This communication style, while polite
and respectful, is also characteristically
un-assertive. This un-assertive way of communicating
seems to contribute to panic attacks while
being frequently present in those that are
afflicted with panic attacks.
Medications â€" Sometimes, panic attacks may
be a listed side effect of medications such
as methylphenidate or even fluoroquinolone-type
antibiotics. These may be a temporary side
effect, only occurring when a patient first
starts a medication, or could continue occurring
even after the patient is accustomed to the
drug, which likely would warrant a medication
change in either dosage or type of drug. Nearly
the entire SSRI class of antidepressants can
cause increased anxiety in the beginning of
use. It is not uncommon for inexperienced
users to have panic attacks while weaning
on or off the medication, especially ones
prone to anxiety.
Alcohol, medication or drug withdrawal â€" Various
substances both prescribed and unprescribed
can cause panic attacks to develop as part
of their withdrawal syndrome or rebound effect.
Alcohol withdrawal and benzodiazepine withdrawal
are the most well known to cause these effects
as a rebound withdrawal symptom of their tranquillising
properties.
Hyperventilation syndrome â€" Breathing from
the chest may cause overbreathing, exhaling
excessive carbon dioxide in relation to the
amount of oxygen in one's bloodstream. Hyperventilation
syndrome can cause respiratory alkalosis and
hypocapnia. This syndrome often involves prominent
mouth breathing as well. This causes a cluster
of symptoms including rapid heart beat, dizziness,
and lightheadedness which can trigger panic
attacks.
Situationally bound panic attacks â€" Associating
certain situations with panic attacks, due
to experiencing one in that particular situation,
can create a cognitive or behavioral predisposition
to having panic attacks in certain situations
(situationally bound panic attacks). It is
a form of classical conditioning. Examples
of this include college, work, or deployment.
See PTSD
Pharmacological triggers â€" Certain chemical
substances, mainly stimulants but also certain
depressants, can either contribute pharmacologically
to a constellation of provocations, and thus
trigger a panic attack or even a panic disorder,
or directly induce one. This includes caffeine,
amphetamine, alcohol and many more. Some sufferers
of panic attacks also report phobias of specific
drugs or chemicals, that thus have a merely
psychosomatic effect, thereby functioning
as drug triggers by nonpharmacological means.
Chronic and/or serious illness â€" Cardiac
conditions that can cause sudden death such
as long QT syndrome; catecholaminergic polymorphic
ventricular tachycardia or Wolff-Parkinson-White
syndrome can also result in panic attacks.
This is particularly difficult to manage as
the anxiety relates to events that may occur
such as cardiac arrest, or if an implantable
cardioverter-defibrillator is in situ, the
possibility of having a shock delivered. It
can be difficult for someone with a cardiac
condition to distinguish between symptoms
of cardiac dysfunction and symptoms of anxiety.
In CPVT, anxiety itself can and does trigger
arrythmia. Current management of panic attacks
secondary to cardiac conditions appears to
rely heavily on benzodiazepines, selective
serotonin reuptake inhibitors and/or cognitive
behavioural therapy. However, people in this
group often experience multiple and unavoidable
hospitalisations; in people with these types
of diagnoses, it can be difficult to differentiate
between symptoms of a panic attack versus
cardiac symptoms without an electrocardiogram.
Pathophysiology
While the various symptoms of a panic attack
may cause the person to feel that their body
is failing, it is in fact protecting itself
from harm. The various symptoms of a panic
attack can be understood as follows. First,
there is frequently (but not always) the sudden
onset of fear with little provoking stimulus.
This leads to a release of adrenaline (epinephrine)
which brings about the so-called fight-or-flight
response wherein the person's body prepares
for strenuous physical activity. This leads
to an increased heart rate (tachycardia),
rapid breathing (hyperventilation) which may
be perceived as shortness of breath (dyspnea),
and sweating (which increases grip and aids
heat loss). Because strenuous activity rarely
ensues, the hyperventilation leads to a drop
in carbon dioxide levels in the lungs and
then in the blood. This leads to shifts in
blood pH (respiratory alkalosis or hypocapnia),
which in turn can lead to many other symptoms,
such as tingling or numbness, dizziness, burning
and lightheadedness. Moreover, the release
of adrenaline during a panic attack causes
vasoconstriction resulting in slightly less
blood flow to the head which causes dizziness
and lightheadedness. A panic attack can cause
blood sugar to be drawn away from the brain
and towards the major muscles. It is also
possible for the person experiencing such
an attack to feel as though they are unable
to catch their breath, and they begin to take
deeper breaths, which also acts to decrease
carbon dioxide levels in the blood.
Classification
Agoraphobia
Agoraphobia is an anxiety disorder which primarily
consists of the fear of experiencing a difficult
or embarrassing situation from which the sufferer
cannot escape. Panic attacks are commonly
linked to agoraphobia and the fear of not
being able to escape a bad situation. As the
result, severe sufferers of agoraphobia may
become confined to their homes, experiencing
difficulty traveling from this andquot;safe placeandquot;.
The word andquot;agoraphobiaandquot; is an English adoption
of the Greek words agora (αγορά) and
phobos (φόβος). The term andquot;agoraandquot; refers
to the place where ancient Greeks used to
gather and talk about issues of the city,
so it basically applies to any or all public
places; however the essence of agoraphobia
is a fear of panic attacks especially if they
occur in public as the victim may feel like
he or she has no escape. In the case of agoraphobia
caused by social phobia or social anxiety,
sufferers may be very embarrassed by having
a panic attack publicly in the first place.
This translation is the reason for the common
misconception that agoraphobia is a fear of
open spaces, and is not clinically accurate.
Agoraphobia, as described in this manner,
is actually a symptom professionals check
for when making a diagnosis of panic disorder.
Other syndromes like obsessive compulsive
disorder or post traumatic stress disorder
and Social Anxiety Disorder can also cause
agoraphobia; basically any irrational fear
that keeps one from going outside can cause
the syndrome.
People who have had a panic attack in certain
situations may develop irrational fears, called
phobias, of these situations and begin to
avoid them. Eventually, the pattern of avoidance
and level of anxiety about another attack
may reach the point where individuals with
panic disorder are unable to drive or even
step out of the house. At this stage, the
person is said to have panic disorder with
agoraphobia. This can be one of the most harmful
side-effects of panic disorder as it can prevent
sufferers from seeking treatment in the first
place.
Panic disorder
People who have repeated, persistent attacks
or feel severe anxiety about having another
attack are said to have panic disorder. Panic
disorder is strikingly different from other
types of anxiety disorders in that panic attacks
are often sudden and unprovoked. However,
panic attacks experienced by those with Panic
disorder may also be linked to or heightened
by certain places or situations, making daily
life difficult.
Treatment
Panic disorder can be effectively treated
with a variety of interventions including
psychological therapies and medication with
the evidence that cognitive behavioral therapy
has the longest duration of effect, followed
by specific selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.
However, subsequent research by Barbara Milrod
and her colleagues has shown that psychoanalytic
psychotherapy is equally effective in relieving
panic attacks as behavioral approaches and
has fewer relapses. A psychoanalytic approach
that identifies actual but dissociated causes
of panic reactions may lead to rapid disappearance
of symptoms.
The term anxiolytic has become nearly synonymous
with the benzodiazepines because these compounds
have been for almost 40 years the drugs of
choice for stress-related anxiety. Low doses
of complete-agonist benzodiazepines alleviate
anxiety, agitation, and fear by their actions
on receptors located in the amygdala, orbitofrontal
cortex, and insula. Administration of benzodiazepines
during a panic attack may result in complete
relief from symptoms in as little as ten or
fifteen minutes. Benzodiazepines do not treat
the source of the underlying fear but rather
offer rapid-onset relief from the immediate
symptoms.
Breathing exercises
In the great majority of cases hyperventilation
is involved, exacerbating the effects of the
panic attack. Deliberate deep-breathing exercises
help to rebalance the oxygen and CO2 levels
in the blood.
David D. Burns recommends breathing exercises
for those suffering from anxiety. One such
breathing exercise is a 5-2-5 count. Using
the stomach (or diaphragm) - and not the chest
- you inhale (feel your stomach come out,
as opposed to your chest expanding) for 5
seconds. As you reach the maximal point at
inhalation, hold your breath for 2 seconds.
Then slowly exhale, over 5 seconds. Repeat
this cycle twice, and then breathe 'normally'
for 5 cycles (1 cycle = 1 inhale 1 exhale).
The point is to focus on the breathing, and
relax the heart-rate. Regular diaphragmatic
breathing may also be achieved by extending
the outbreath either by counting or even humming.
Although breathing into a paper bag was a
common traditional recommendation for attempting
short-term treatment of the symptoms of an
acute panic attack, it has more recently been
criticized as inferior to measured breathing,
even potentially worsening the panic attack,
and possibly reducing needed blood oxygen.
While the paper bag technique increases needed
carbon dioxide and so reduces symptoms, it
may at the same time excessively lower oxygen
levels in the blood stream. To make matters
worse, several studies now show a link between
panic attacks and the abrupt increase in CO2
from the paper bag method, so that use of
the paper bag method itself may worsen feelings
of panic in patients who might otherwise use
measured breathing techniques with success.
Psychotherapies
According to the American Psychological Association,
andquot;most specialists agree that a combination
of cognitive and behavioral therapies are
the best treatment for panic disorder. Medication
might also be appropriate in some casesandquot;.
The first part of therapy is largely informational;
many people are greatly helped by simply understanding
exactly what panic disorder is, and how many
others suffer from it. Many people who suffer
from panic disorder are worried that their
panic attacks mean they are 'going crazy'
or that the panic might induce a heart attack.
Cognitive restructuring helps people replace
those thoughts with more realistic, positive
ways of viewing the attacks.
In deeper level psychoanalytic approaches,
in particular object relations theory, panic
attacks are frequently associated with splitting
(psychology), paranoid-schizoid and depressive
positions, and paranoid anxiety. They are
often found comorbid with borderline personality
disorder and child sexual abuse. Paranoid
anxiety may reach the level of a persecutory
anxiety state.
Meditation may also be helpful in the treatment
of panic disorders.
Dietary changes
Caffeine may cause or exacerbate panic anxiety.
Anxiety can temporarily increase during withdrawal
from caffeine and other various drugs.
Prognosis
Limited symptom attack
Many people being treated for panic attacks
begin to experience limited symptom attacks.
These panic attacks are less comprehensive,
with fewer than 4 bodily symptoms being experienced.
It is not unusual to experience only one or
two symptoms at a time, such as vibrations
in their legs, or shortness of breath, or
an intense wave of heat traveling up their
bodies which is not similar to hot flashes
due to estrogen shortage. Some symptoms, such
as vibrations in the legs are sufficiently
different from any normal sensation that they
clearly indicate panic disorder. Other symptoms
on the list can occur in people who may or
may not have panic disorder. Panic disorder
does not require four or more symptoms to
all be present at the same time. Causeless
panic and racing heartbeat are sufficient
to indicate a panic attack.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tkMZfB6co8M